Web-based Mapping Services for San Diego
Wildfires 2003
(HTTP://MAP.SDSU.EDU)
Two wildfires
(Cedar and Paradise) savaged San Diego County during the week of October 26.
The wildfires kill 16 people and burned down 2427 homes and businesses (data
source:
www.signonsandiego.com ). These fires
caused the worst damages in the history of San Diego and California. This web
site (http://map.sdsu.edu) was created immediately on October 27 (Monday morning)
to provide web mapping services for helping our local
community. This site is updated daily and provides maps of the San Diego
wildfires with various live ArcIMS web mapping services, static maps, and
research articles. Most maps on this site have been created by the faculty, staff, and
students in the Department of Geography, San Diego State University.
[Enter the NEW
Web-based Mapping Services Here]
Http://map.sdsu.edu/fireweb
Click the following links to
access:
NEW!
3D Fire Spread Animation Movies
(created by Harry D. Johnson, Department of Geography, SDSU).
Quicktime Movies (Require 6.5 or later version. Click here to download the
Quicktime 6.5.1 player.
http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/standalone/ )
(Cedar Fire Animation)
(San Diego County)
(Paradises Fire)
NEW! SDSU Geography Department is collaborating with San Diego Fire Recovery Network
(SDFRN) now to establish a prototype of the GIS data center for San Diego
Wildfire Recovery and Management. The new GIS data center website
includes downloadble data (shapefiles and coverages and metadata).
Web address:
http://map.sdsu.edu/fireneti
New Update!
Mobile GIS/GPS Mapping (Enter Here)
Click here to see the large-size Panoramic View
(Mission Trail Regional Park)
New!
Download Field Trip Movie (November 12, 2003):
[ Research Notes ]
[ Interactive Web Mapping
Services ]
[Click Here to enter the
Web Mapping page]
Damage
Assessment Map
With Census Data and Fire Perimeters (from SANDAG)
http://map.sdsu.edu/website/fire2003eNEW/, this web map overlayed
census data (1990 street blocks from ESRI's ArcDATA), ZIP code areas, and
updated fire perimeters (provided by SANDAG) with aerial photos (2001 DOQQ). You can
use query tool to identify the demographic profile of each street blocks.
(created by Ming Tsou)
NOTICE: Since all fire
GIS data are gathered from different agencies with different data uncertainty
(data accuracy). The web map may contains some geospatial errors. Please
only use these maps for preliminary reference.
Click Here
to open the map viewer (30 seconds).
Special Thank to SANDAG staff for providing updated fire
perimeters.
(If this ArcIMS doesn't work, try the backup service here
http://map.sdsu.edu/website/fire2003e/ )
Fire
Perimeters with detail roads (street labels) (
http://map.sdsu.edu/website/fire2003d/ ) Date provided by GEOMac,
USGS. (ftp://ftp.geomac.gov/outgoing) and SANDAG. with help from Rachael
Ouellet and Pete
NOTICE: Since all fire
GIS data are gathered from different agencies with different data uncertainty
(data accuracy). The web map may contains some geospatial errors. Please
only use these maps for preliminary reference.
Click the
map to launch the map viewer (may take 30 seconds), you can use [Magnify tool]
to zoom-in the detail areas
Web Mapping Services:
(click here see the detail descriptions of these services)
[ Multimedia Maps -- Animation,
3D ]
Fire Spread Animation
(Oct 25-Oct 31)
Note: The map is based on the MODIS data
which only take a snap shot on Earth surface twice per day. Some burned areas
may not be detected by the satellite images.
This animation is created by using MODIS data from October 25 to October 31.
The fixed red dot in Day 0 indicates the origin of fire. The Red/Yellow
dots indicate the hot spots at each day (with different temperature from 305
degrees to 504 degrees (Kelvin). The brown dots indicate previous burned
areas. This animation is composed by six separated pictures. (created
by Ming Tsou) (Click here to
see the separated images and other animation maps)
[ Static, Printable Map Gallery ]
[Click Here to enter the map gallery page]
Fire History Map
(created by David Mckinsey
dave@typhoon.sdsu.edu )
Click the map to view high-resolution maps.
[ Additional Web Links]
Official Government Links:
Maps and Images Links:
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THE HPREN Time lapse animations and other images of the Cedar Fire incident
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Cedar/
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The USFS
Pacific Southwest Research Station http://www.fireimaging.com/
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ESRI Map Links of the California Wildfires
http://www.esri.com/news/pressroom/firemaps.html
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USDA Forest Service, Remote Sensing Application Center
(link information provided by :
http://activefiremaps.fs.fed.us/large_fire/large.php#
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USGS Wildfire Science Applications and Support
(link information provided by Rachael Ouellet)
http://wildfire.usgs.gov/
California Wildfire Viewer
http://wildfire.usgs.gov/ca_geomac/viewer.htm (If this link doesn't work,
try http://wildfire.usgs.gov/, then
select the Wildfire Viewer).
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http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/Images/California.A2003299_lrg.jpg
( Southern California at full MODIS resolution at 1000m resolution, also have
500 and 250 m resolutions) (link information provided by Dr.
Eric Frost and the Center of Information Technology and Infrastructure, SDSU) |
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http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=11808
Is the general fires page with last 7 images listed, along with fires
around rest of world. (link information provided by Dr. Eric
Frost and the Center of Information Technology and Infrastructure, SDSU) |
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http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2003-10-29
Mongolia fire and processing like could shortly be done of So. Calif. (link
information provided by Dr. Eric Frost and the Center of Information Technology
and Infrastructure, SDSU) |
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http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/showall.php
View of images of the day for quickly picking out relevant ones with extra
processing and descriptions. (link information provided by Dr.
Eric Frost and the Center of Information Technology and Infrastructure, SDSU) |
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http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS.html
SeaWiFS page is featuring fire images
http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi/seawifs_subreg.pl (link
information provided by Dr. Eric Frost and the Center of Information Technology
and Infrastructure, SDSU) |
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http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/images/fire-631.jpg
(link information provided by Dr. Eric Frost) |
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http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/gallery.htm?name=sanberdofire (link
information provided by Dr. Eric Frost)
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NASA website:
http://www.nasa.gov/home/index.html
)
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http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/?2003299-1026/California.A2003299.1840.721.250m.jpg
(Information provided by Dr. Douglas Stow).
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Vertical Profile of the Smoke off California (link
information provided by John Kaiser)
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16347 |
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Wildfires Rage in Southern California
(link information provided by John Kaiser)
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16346
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Date 10-27-2003, Satellite Image of San Diego wildfires (Data source:
http://www.nasa.gov/home/index.html
)
Online GIS data related to the
wildfire at San Diego:
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SANDAG
updated (New) fire perimeters available from the SANDAG ftp site ( SANDAG
posted the data temporarily in 2003). This was the most accurate FIRE Perimeters polygons generated by SANDAG
GIS professionals. The archived SANDAG fire perimeters can be found in GIS
Data Center for Fire Recovery Network:
http://map.sdsu.edu/firenet/ or
SanGIS (www.sangis.org). |
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MODIS Active Fire Detections for the United States (2003)
(displaying Hotspots) http://firemapper.sc.egov.usda.gov/modispts.htm and
http://firemapper.sc.egov.usda.gov/modispts/modisfire_2003.htm (metadata
descriptions) |
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Fire Perimeters from USGS GeoMAC
FTP site: (anonymous login) ftp.geomac.gov --> select outgoing -->
2003_fire_data/California -->perimeter****.shp (All U.S. wildfire perimeter,
updated daily).
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San Diego Base Maps SANDAG (San
Diego Association of Governments)
http://www.sandag.org/ --> on the right side, select [Maps and GIS] --> [GIS
data for download]
http://www.sandag.org/index.asp?subclassid=100&fuseaction=home.subclasshome
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The USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station
collected thermal imagery on multiple days during the fires in San Diego. The
sensor is called FireMapper, and has 3 thermal bands, a red, and a
near-infrared band. The imagery is very high resolution 0.3 to 2.0 m
resolution. Georeferenced image products are available for free online (they
are in GeoTIFF format). The images provide a very detailed look at the
location and intensity of the fires, at the time(s) of acquisition. The
web site is:
www.fireimaging.com. (Link information provided by
Lloyd (Pete) Coulter.) |
Download GIS data from SDSU website (13
MB Zip file)
All GIS shapefiles from this site used
the same SPCS California VI coordinate system. The following is the descriptions
of data in the compressed zip file:
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Origin (the origin of fire,
manually digitized based on the San Diego Union Tribune Newspaper, thank to
Rachael Ouellet) |
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Scripp-de-new (burned houses
locations in Scripps Ranch using address matching tools from ArcMap. To protect the privacy of
home owners, all addresses have been removed from the attribute table.) |
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Scripp-s-new (unburned houses
locations in Scripps Ranch using address matching tools from ArcMap. To protect the privacy of
home owners, all addresses have been removed from the attribute table.) |
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Sdfire-oct31all (Clip out MODIS
fire hotspot data using the boundary of San Diego County, point data with
temperatures and date). |
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SDperimeters (Fire perimeter
updated on Nov. 3rd from USGS GeoMAC ftp site. The data was clipped out
by the boundary of San Diego
County and converted to SPCS coordinate systems). |
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Georeferenced image files:
cedar_oct28 (San Diego fire), fire_631_georef (San
Bernardino fire) with World files. |
Special Thanks to USGS/Geography
Discipline and GeoMac to provide updated GIS data for our web mapping services.
(SDSU data generated by Ming Tsou)
[How GIS can help us]
HOW Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can help
us
Spatial Decision Support Systems. By utilizing a standardized web
mapping interface, individual participating agencies can implement their own
data systems and services while maintaining an aggregated system-wide
interoperability through multiple data warehouses and web-based decision support
systems (Figure 1). Two data warehouses (one operational and one for emergency
backup) should be established to provide the gateway for accessing geo-spatial
data and remote sensed imagery for various applications. Each data warehouse
will update their data automatically by communicating with each local database
server through standardized communication protocol (Z39.50, TCP/IP, and HTTP)
and OpenGIS catalog interface. The web-based Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS)
will provide on-line mapping functions and the display of remotely sensed data.
The web-based
SDSS can used by decision makers and spatial analysts in command and control
centers to collect and process information via a secure intranet or encrypted
mobile wireless networks, to make decisions and initiate responses to field
locations and on-site officers.
Figure 1. Interoperable
database framework for web-based spatial decision support systems.
Mobile GIS.
Establish a working example for the integration of mobile GIS applications. The
mobile devices will have the integrated capabilities of GPS, GIS, and remote
sensing. Web-based mapping facilities can be integrated with wireless mobile
devices and GPS. Currently ESRI’s ArcPAD is the pocket-size GIS software which
can be used in this research. Also, Microsoft provides several free development
tools for mobile and embedded applications under their .NET framework, such as
the Microsoft Mobile Internet Toolkit (MMIT). MMIT adopted Wireless Markup
Languages and compact HTML (cHTML) which can be applied for mobile devices.
The following figure illustrates a possible working
example of one such mobile GIS solution. In this example, an Internet map server
is installed on a notebook computer with wireless access port. The notebook and
wireless access port will be placed inside a vehicle to provide power for
wireless communication. Field workers can use Pocket PC’s with GPS and a
wireless card to access large remote-sensing imagery and GIS data from the
server via Wi-Fi communication channel. The whole system is mobile and suitable
for various environmental monitoring tasks.
Figure 2. Wireless Local Network
Solution for Mobile GIS
Mission Statement
Along with the progress of computer networks and the popular use of the
Internet, distributed geographic information services and Internet mapping
facilities have emerged as primary research areas in geographic information
science (GIScience). The need for global access to and decentralized management
of geographic information is pushing the geography community to deploy a
distributed geographic information service (GIService) architecture on the
Internet. However, current research mainly focuses on data interoperability and
ad-hoc technique-centered solutions without considering the uniqueness of
on-line spatial information and the distribution of geographic information
systems (GIS) processes.
The goals of this research Web site are to facilitate the development of on-line GIS applications from a
short-term, technology-centered project to a sustainable development
strategy.
A prototype of dynamic Internet map server (DIMS), a GIS-oriented
software agent model, and a geoagent communication protocol (GCP)
will be developed and installed in this Web site in order to identify the
requirements of distributed GIServices and the implementation procedures of
Internet mapping facilities. This Web site is also used for the
development of a new course curriculum, GEO
596 (Internet Mapping and Distributed GIS), and its lab exercises.
This Web server includes the following information:
Hosted Websites:
This Web server also hosts the following Web sites:
Related Courses:
Other Internet GIS resources:
Special Thanks
Special thanks to the following people and
organizations for their great help and supports:
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This is the
zoom-in picture.
